CQDHX Series Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Technology
Cutting-edge Electrode Manufacturing Technology
For 15 years starting in 2010, we have dedicated ourselves to researching electrode manufacturing and application. Through over 3,000 iterations of electrode manufacturing verification and more than 5,000 experiments on various types of highly complex wastewater, we have integrated the characteristics of diverse challenging wastewaters. By adjusting the composition of the electrode substrate materials, the constituents of the electrode surface materials, and the electrode surface deposition and formation conditions, we have achieved optimal performance for treating different kinds of highly complex wastewater. The CQDHX series electrode modules can meet the requirements for treating highly complex industrial wastewater under extreme conditions, effectively removing organic COD, ammonia nitrogen, toxic substances, bacteria, color, phosphorus, and various heavy metals from hard-to-degrade industrial organic wastewater with high salinity, high toxicity, high concentration, and strong acidity/alkalinity.
Working Mechanism of CQDHX Series Electrode Modules
Electrochemical oxidation is a technology that utilizes an applied electric field to drive chemical reactions for pollutant degradation. Its core reaction occurs at the anode of the electrolytic cell, and the operating mechanisms are primarily categorized into two types: direct oxidation and indirect oxidation, which often function synergistically.
Direct Oxidation Mechanism: Pollutant molecules migrate to and adsorb onto the anode surface. Subsequently, the anode, acting as an electron acceptor, directly extracts electrons from the pollutant molecules, causing their oxidative decomposition. This process is controlled by the mass transfer rate and relies on the catalytic activity and adsorption properties of the anode material, exhibiting a certain degree of selectivity towards different pollutants.
Mechanism of Indirect Oxidation: The anode does not directly oxidize pollutants. Instead, it generates highly oxidizing agents by electrolyzing components within the solution. These agents then diffuse into the bulk solution and carry out homogeneous oxidation of the pollutants. Depending on the type of oxidants generated, the main pathways can be categorized as follows:
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Hydroxyl Radical Pathway
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At the surface of an anode with high oxygen evolution overpotential, water or hydroxide ions are electrochemically oxidized to generate hydroxyl radicals. Hydroxyl radicals possess an extremely high oxidation potential and can non-selectively oxidize the vast majority of organic compounds, ultimately mineralizing them into carbon dioxide, water, and small inorganic molecules. This pathway achieves the most thorough degradation.
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Reversible Redox Mediator Pathway
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Specific metal ions in the electrolyte are oxidized at the anode to higher valence states, forming strong oxidants (such as high-valent metal ions). These oxidants diffuse into the solution to oxidize pollutants and, after being reduced to their initial valence states, can return to the anode surface to be re-oxidized, thus forming a cycle.
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Other Oxidant Pathways
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Through electrode design and regulation of reaction conditions, hydrogen peroxide can be generated at the cathode, or ozone can be produced at specific anodes. Hydrogen peroxide can combine with ferrous ions to form an electro-Fenton system, which subsequently generates hydroxyl radicals, thereby enhancing oxidation efficiency.
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Electrochemical oxidation achieves pollutant degradation through two main mechanisms: electron transfer at the anode surface and the in-situ generation of highly oxidizing species. In practical applications, particularly for complex wastewater systems, direct and indirect oxidation often work synergistically. By optimizing electrode materials and process parameters, efficient and advanced treatment of organic pollutants can be achieved.
Technical Advantages
High Salt Tolerance: Effectively removes COD and ammonia nitrogen from high-salt unsaturated wastewater with a removal rate of 99%.
High Toxicity Tolerance: Effectively removes COD and ammonia nitrogen from wastewater with high biological toxicity with a removal rate of 99%, while also efficiently eliminating the wastewater's biological toxicity.
High Concentration Tolerance: Effectively removes COD and ammonia nitrogen up to ≤450,000 mg/L from high-concentration organic industrial wastewater with a removal rate of 99%.
Strong Acid/Alkali Tolerance: Effectively removes COD and ammonia nitrogen from strongly acidic/alkaline wastewater with a pH range of 2-12, achieving a removal rate of 99%.
High Safety: The equipment operates on a DC voltage between 3-15V, posing no harm to humans.
Chemical-Free, Residue-Free: The treatment process does not require adding any chemical agents and does not produce any residual sludge or solid waste.
High Removal Rates: The equipment achieves removal rates between 75-100% for pollutants such as high ammonia nitrogen, cyanide, and color.
No pH Adjustment Needed: Wastewater entering the equipment does not require pH adjustment, saving significant amounts of acid, alkali, labor, and space, while avoiding secondary pollution.
No Dilution for Salt Content Needed: Wastewater entering the equipment does not require dilution to reduce salt content, decreasing system treatment volume and conserving resources.
No Dilution for COD Needed: Wastewater entering the equipment does not require dilution to reduce COD concentration, decreasing system treatment volume and conserving resources.
Small Footprint: The equipment occupies approximately only 2% of the area required by traditional processes of equivalent capacity.
No Special Environmental Requirements: The equipment only requires a ventilated, rain-sheltered, non-explosion-proof area.
No Noise or Secondary Pollutants: The equipment operates silently and does not emit any secondary pollutants during operation.
Automated & Easy Operation: The equipment runs automatically with simple and safe operation, requiring no manual supervision.
Equipment Specifications: 0.5 t/h - 1000 t/h.
Electrochemical Oxidation Equipment for Treating Common Pollutants
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Aromatic Compounds
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BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylenes): Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes (o-, m-, p-), Ethylbenzene
Phenolic Compounds:
Monohydric Phenols: Phenol, Cresols (o-, m-, p-)
Chlorophenols: Monochlorophenol, Dichlorophenol, Pentachlorophenol
Nitrophenols: Nitrophenol, Dinitrophenol, Trinitrophenol
Alkylphenols: Nonylphenol, Octylphenol
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs):
2-Ring: Naphthalene
3-Ring: Anthracene, Phenanthrene
4-Ring: Pyrene, Chrysene
5-Ring and above: Benzo[a]pyrene, Benz[a]anthracene, Benzo[b]fluoranthene
Aromatic Amines:
Aniline, Methylaniline
Benzidines: Benzidine, 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Nitroaromatic Amines: Nitroaniline, 2-Naphthylamine
Other Aromatics:
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Bisphenol A (BPA)
Benzofused Heterocycles: Benzofuran, Dibenzofuran
Aromatic acids such as Benzoic acid, Salicylic acid, etc.
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Halogenated Organic Compounds
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Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:
Chloromethanes: Chloroform, Carbon Tetrachloride, Dichloromethane, Chloromethane
Chloroethenes: Vinyl Chloride, Dichloroethylene (cis/trans), Trichloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene
Bromomethane, Iodomethane
Halogenated Aromatic Hydrocarbons:
Chlorobenzenes: Chlorobenzene, Dichlorobenzene (p-, o-, m-), Hexachlorobenzene
Bromobenzene, Fluorobenzene
Halogenated Phenols: See Chlorophenols, etc., under Aromatic Compounds - Phenolic Compounds.
Persistent Halogenated Organic Compounds:
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Dioxins and Furans: Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) / Dibenzofurans (PCDFs)
Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA), Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS)
Brominated Flame Retardants: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)
Organochlorine Pesticides: DDT, Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH, Lindane), Chlordane, Mirex
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Oxygen-Containing Organic Compounds
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Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers:
Alcohols: Methanol, Ethanol, Isopropanol, Ethylene Glycol, Glycerol
Ethers: Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), Diethyl ether, Tetrahydrofuran, Dioxane
Aldehydes, Ketones, and Quinones:
Aldehydes: Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, Acrolein, Benzaldehyde
Ketones: Butanone, Cyclohexanone, Methyl isobutyl ketone
Quinones: Benzoquinone, Naphthoquinone
Carboxylic Acids and Esters:
Low Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids: Formic acid, Acetic acid, Propionic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid
Aromatic Carboxylic Acids: Benzoic acid, Phthalic acid
Esters: Ethyl acetate, Butyl acetate, Acrylate esters
Phthalate Esters: Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
Lactones: γ-Butyrolactone
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Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds
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Amines:
Aliphatic amines: Methylamine, Ethylamine, Ethylenediamine
Aromatic amines: Already listed under aromatic compounds
Quaternary ammonium salts: Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
Nitriles:
Acetonitrile, Acrylonitrile, Adiponitrile
Nitro/Nitroso Compounds:
Aliphatic nitro compounds: Nitromethane
Aromatic nitro compounds: Nitrobenzene, Dinitrotoluene, Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
Nitrosamines: N-Nitrosodimethylamine
Amides:
Formamide, N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), Acrylamide
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles:
Single heterocycles: Pyridine, Pyrrole, Imidazole
Fused rings: Indole, Carbazole, Quinoline, Isoquinoline
Alkaloids: Caffeine, Nicotine
Amino acids: Glycine, Alanine, etc.
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Synthetic Polymers/Macromolecules
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Synthetic Polymers/Macromolecules
Water-Soluble Polymers:
Polyvinyl Alcohol
Polyethylene Glycol
Polyacrylamide (flocculant)
Polyacrylic Acid (dispersant)
Polymeric Surfactants:
Alkylphenol Ethoxylates (APEOs, e.g., Nonylphenol Ethoxylates)
Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylates
Synthetic Dyes/Pigments:
Azo Dyes, Anthraquinone Dyes, Reactive Dyes, Disperse Dyes, etc.
Plastic Monomers and Oligomers:
Caprolactam (Nylon monomer), Bisphenol A (Epoxy resin/PC monomer), Terephthalic Acid
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Natural Degradation Products
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Humic Substances:
Humic Acid: Macromolecular, black, acidic, insoluble in water but soluble in alkali.
Fulvic Acid: Smaller molecular weight than humic acid, yellowish-brown color, more acidic and water-soluble.
Humin: Inert fraction insoluble in water at any pH.
Lignin Degradation Products:
Various phenols, aromatic acids, aromatic aldehydes (e.g., vanillin, syringaldehyde).
Carbohydrate Degradation Products:
Sugars: Monosaccharides such as glucose, xylose, etc.
Protein/Fat Degradation Products:
Organic Acids: Volatile fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid, etc.).
Higher Fatty Acids: Long-chain fatty acids.
Amino Acids: See Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds.
Natural Toxins/Secondary Metabolites:
Aflatoxins (may originate from moldy waste), microbial toxins, etc.
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PFAS
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N-EtFOSAA,PFDA,N-MeFOSAA,N-MeFOSE,PFOA ,8:2 FTSA,PFDA,PFPrA,PFOS,PFOA,6:2 FTSA,FOSA,PFHpA,PFHpS,4:2 FTSA,PFHxA,PFHxS,HFPO-DA (GenX),PFPeS,PFBS,PFBA,HFPO-DA ,TFA
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Application Scenarios:
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Pharmaceutical Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Chemical Industry Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Pesticide Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Laboratory Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Coal Chemical Industry Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Petrochemical Wastewater
Treatment of Aquaculture Wastewater
Treatment of Slaughterhouse Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Semiconductor Industry Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Dyeing Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Painting/Paint Coating Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory and Toxic Landfill Leachate
Treatment of Food Processing Wastewater
Treatment of Refractory Machining Wastewater
Treatment of Domestic Sewage
Factory Tour
Equipment Specifications
| Model |
Electrode Module (Set) |
Treatment Flow Rate (m³/h) |
Operating Power (kW) |
Equipment Dimensions |
Floor Area (m²) |
| Length (m) |
Width (m) |
Height (m) |
| DHX-CQ/1 |
1 |
1 |
2.47 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
3 |
| DHX-CQ/2 |
2 |
2 |
4.57 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
3 |
| DHX-CQ/4 |
4 |
4 |
9.5 |
2 |
2.5 |
2 |
4 |
| DHX-CQ/8 |
8 |
8 |
19 |
3 |
4 |
2.5 |
9 |
| DHX-CQ/12 |
12 |
12 |
27 |
3.5 |
4 |
2.5 |
12 |
| DHX-CQ/16 |
16 |
16 |
36 |
4 |
4 |
2.5 |
22 |
| DHX-CQ/20 |
20 |
20 |
45 |
4.5 |
4 |
2.5 |
24 |
| DHX-CQ/24 |
24 |
24 |
55 |
5 |
4 |
2.5 |
30 |
| DHX-CQ/28 |
28 |
28 |
63 |
5.5 |
4 |
2.5 |
45 |
| DHX-CQ/32 |
32 |
32 |
72 |
6 |
4 |
2.5 |
30 |
| DHX-CQ/64 |
64 |
64 |
144 |
14 |
5 |
2.5 |
80 |
| DHX-CQ/128 |
128 |
128 |
288 |
22 |
5 |
2.5 |
130 |
Note: The treatment flow rate is not the treatment target. Different types of wastewater and different treatment objectives will result in varying equipment operation durations.
Applicable Scope
Suitable for treating various high-difficulty, refractory organic wastewater streams, including pharmaceutical, chemical, pesticide, laboratory, coal chemical, petrochemical, aquaculture, slaughterhouse, semiconductor, dyeing, painting/coating, landfill leachate, food processing, machining, and domestic wastewater.
Specific contaminant categories addressed: Aromatic compounds (BTEX, phenols, PAHs, aromatic amines, other aromatics); Halogenated organic compounds (halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, persistent halogenated organic compounds); Oxygen-containing organic compounds (alcohols/phenols/ethers, aldehydes/ketones/quinones, carboxylic acids/esters, lactones); Nitrogen-containing organic compounds (amines, nitro/nitroso compounds, amides, nitrogen-containing heterocycles, amino acids); Synthetic polymers/macromolecules (water-soluble polymers, polymeric surfactants, synthetic dyes/pigments, plastic monomers and oligomers); Natural degradation products (humic substances, lignin degradation products, carbohydrate degradation products, protein/fat degradation products, natural toxins/secondary metabolites); PFAS; and other contaminants across different wastewater types.
Equipment Inlet Water Conditions
Influent and Reaction Temperature 1-80℃
pH Range pH: 2-12, and C(H⁺) < 2 mol/L
Fluorine ＜10mg/L(Including organic fluorine and inorganic fluorine)
Bromine ＜500mg/L
SS (Suspended Solids) ＜200mg/L
Salinity Content ＜Saturation
Equipment process
For wastewater with special characteristics or unique treatment objectives, our company's engineers provide technical support and solutions.
Working Characteristics of CQDHX SERIES EO Electrode Modules
No chemical agents need to be added, and no residues or solid wastes are generated! The modular electrodes are free from scaling and clogging!
Alias: BDD oxidation equipment
Parameter: 1-30T/h
Process: BDD
Material: Corrosion-resistant
Application: Removal of organics and ammonia nitrogen from wastewater
Customized service: Customizable on demand
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